同等学力英语真题

草少女滑

今年同等学力人员全国统一申硕考试马上就要开始了，考生们都在紧张地复习中，但是，除了复习学过的知识，刷真题也是重要的环节。英语考试是每各专业都会涉及的统考科目，为了让大家提前熟悉考试内容，特备同等学力申硕英语真题供大家参考

　　同等学力申硕英语真题

1.A: Bob，would you mind turning down the T/ a little? I'm talking onthe phone，and I'm having a hard time hearing.

B:

A.Please forgive me.

B.Oh，sure! I'm sorry about that.

C.You should have fold me earlier.

D.I'm sorry to hear about it.

答案:B

讲解: A 说，Bob,你介意把电视开小点儿声音吗? 我在打电话，很费力儿才能挺清晰对方说什么。B 表达，当然可以，很不好意思

2.A: Hi，I'm your neighbor in 405，next door I'm Sunny Chan.

B:

A.I moved here abouf a week ago.

B.Hope we could become good neighbors.

C.Hi!Evervone here seems very friendly

D.Jill KingstonNice to meet you.

答案:D

讲解:这是两个邻居第一次会面，互相自我简介的场景

3.A: Could you run me over to the office? I'm late. My clock must beslow.

B:

AYes，never mind.l would rather give you a lift.

B.All right.But you should buy a new clock.

C.lt’S my pleasure.May lhelp you fix your clock，too?

D.Yeah，I'll be glad to drop you off on my way to work.

答案:D

讲解: A 说，您能捎我去办公室吗? 我晚点了，我的表肯定慢了

B 表达，当然，很快乐顺路送您去上班。

drop off

transitivel to take someone by car to a place and leave them thereespecially on your way to another place

Just drop me here -I can walk the rest of the way

4.A: I’m sorry.He' s notin his office

B:

A.Are you Sure he will be back soon?

B.Would you like to leave a message?

C.Can you take a message for me?

D.ShallI call him sometime later?

答案:C

讲解:这是一种打电话的场景。A 说，不好意思，他不在办公室。B 于是说您能帮我捎话吗? D 看似有道理，不过不如 C 更好。什么时候给他打电话，不是关键，关键是找到他或者把有关信息告诉他。Im sorry,she's out right now, canltake a message (for you)?

如上便是同等学力申硕英语真题的部分内容，由于篇幅原因无法全部展示，想了解详情的同学请登录在职研究生网联系站内客服老师索要真题。

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同等学力申硕如何备考通过?

上海同等学力申硕毕业待遇怎么样?

热门标签：同等学力申硕英语

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同等学力英语真题在备考过程中要高效合理的利用，拿住每一题的得分机会。那么要怎样才能掌握同等学力英语真题的学习技巧呢？下面在职研究生网老师就为大家介绍下，希望能够帮助到大家。只要你认真做了这题，都会在其中发现，真题是有规律可循的，同等学力英语真题中的阅读，每年考的词汇不会超出那几大类，哪些是常考单词，哪些是常考词义？在文章中出现，大概考哪个类型题，这些是都要你去总结的。选项分析成为研析真题十分重要的组成部分。在第一点中提到分析常考词义的思路，但是对选项分析不仅需要指导正确选项之所以对的原因，更需要知道错误选项未选的原因，这样才能明白自己为什么选错，并且避免再犯。同等学力英语从历年作文中也可总结考点，近几年都考了哪些方面内容，关注社会热点，套用真题模式，让你的英语作文高分不是没有可能的。总之，同等学力英语考试考生要认识到真题的价值，不是只是买到了手，就认为什么时候看都行，先下手为强，对自己的研考之路早作准备，胜算才更大。运用正确的方法实现真题价值。考生朋友如果对同等学力英语真题的备考还有疑问可在线咨询老师，或者登录在职研究生网查询相关信息。考研政策不清晰？在职申硕有困惑？院校专业不好选？点击底部官网，有专业老师为你答疑解惑，211\/985名校研究生硕士开放网申报名中。

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目前大部分在职研究生报考考试中都会设计到英语，由于职场多年很少接触英语，加上记忆力减退，这些都会成为英语考试的阻力。词汇记忆难一直是令很多考生头疼的事情，记单词有一定的技巧可以利用，但几遍反复强化的过程是必不可少的，否则单词很难记得牢，尤其要注意通过运用、做题来加以巩固。下面在职研究生网就为在职考生介绍下同等学力英语真题中单词记忆方法。1）首先，有一本词汇大纲对大多数人来说是必要的，尤其是那些词汇基础较差的学员，每天都要坚持看几页，强化一下基础词汇；2）最好的记忆单词的办法还是要通过做题。一是通过大量反复的词汇练习来强化对词汇及其用法的强化，这样的记忆更有针对性和重点性；这里强调一下反复的必要性，想在短期内记住大量的词汇是不现实的，必须经过一定的反复强化，所以做过的题目过一段时间再拿出来做，尤其对于词汇题来说是非常必要也是非常有效的。二是在做其它题目时注意重点词汇的积累，尤其是阅读中反复出现的重点词汇、词组，这样的印象会比较深刻。3）另外，平时一定要注意同义词、形近词的积累，这部分是重要的考点，也是词汇的难点，可将每次做过的题中的自己做错的，认为比较难的题目做个记号，以便后期的复习的时候能够抓住重点。看完上面同等学力英语单词的学习方法，想必多少会有收获。如果您想了解报考情况可在线咨询我们的老师，或登录在职研究生网进行查询。考研政策不清晰？在职申硕有困惑？院校专业不好选？点击底部官网，有专业老师为你答疑解惑，211\/985名校研究生硕士开放网申报名中。

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只要你认真做了这题，都会在其中发现：只要是真题，那就是有规律可循的，同等学力真题中的阅读，每年考的词汇不会超出那几大类，哪些是常考单词，哪些是常考词义？在文章中出现，大概考哪个类型题，这些是都要你去总结的。

选项分析

选项分析成为研析真题十分重要的组成部分。在第一点中提到分析常考词义的思路，但是对选项分析不仅需要指导正确选项之所以对的原因，更需要知道错误选项未选的原因，这样才能明白自己为什么选错，并且避免再犯。

大小作文

从历年作文中也可总结考点，近几年都考了哪些方面内容，关注社会热点，套用真题模式，让同等学力英语考试作文高分不是没有可能的。

同等学力考生要认识到真题的价值，不是只是买到了手，就认为什么时候看都行，先下手为强，对自己的考研之路早作准备，胜算才更大。运用正确的方法实现真题价值。

同等学力真题的备考秘诀您是否记下了呢？如果在备考中遇到问题可在线咨询我们的老师，也可以登录同等学力信息平台进行查询。

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同等学力申硕考试刚刚过去，没有赶上今年同等学力申硕的人员，是否要为明年做准备了呢？在备考的时候，历年真题成为考生青睐的材料之一。那同等学力英语考试的历年真题看哪几年最有效呢？同等学力英语考试一般都是依据每年考试制定的大纲内容进行的，虽然每年的考试内容都会有所变化，但变化幅度不会很大，因此，想要研究同等学力英语历年真题的考生，可看前五年的真题，这样掌握其中的规律才有效。每年的考试内容都会有相应的变化，因此考生在复习的时候，参照时间长的真题也是没有效果，取得最佳效果还是以五年内的真题为主。通过研究和练习三年内的历年真题，可从中探索出近几年同等学力英语出题方向，主要考察的领域以及知识点，从中找寻到其中的规律，然后根据自己的实际情况制定相应的复习计划，从而提高考试通过率。同等学力英语历年真题可以说是考生复习备考中最实际、最有效、最值得学习的参考资料，尤其是近五年的真题更需要考生在复习备考中加以研究，通过对历年真题的研究，可总结出相关的经验，掌握考察的题型，探索出解题方法。通过对同等学力英语真题的研究和练习，可更清楚的了解自己在英语掌握程度中的不足，然后对症下药，从而能够提升自己的英语专业知识，更好的应对相应的考试。更多在职研究生报考信息可登录在职研究生教育网或关注官方微信cnzzyedu。遇到问题可在线咨询老师，我们会为您详细解答。考研政策不清晰？在职申硕有困惑？院校专业不好选？点击底部官网，有专业老师为你答疑解惑，211\/985名校研究生硕士开放网申报名中。

57

同等学力申硕考试英语历年真题很重要，因为很多考试基本上都会根据题库来出题，我们真题做得越多，就越有可能在考试中做到认识的原题或者近似的题。还有，通过做历年真题，我们可以摸清一些出题人的小心思，小套路，在遇到新题的时候，差不多就能知道出题人想要考察我们哪些方面的知识，再按照思路去套，就拿分了。

第二，英语历年真题去哪里找？

同等学力申硕考试英语历年真题很多网站上都有免费下载，我们也可以通过网盘的搜索找到别人分享的真题。当然更加保险的方法就是通过同等学力申硕的同学们去了解哪家的真题最靠谱，然后买一些，可以多买几本，虽然看起来这个渠道要花钱，但对于想提升的朋友来讲，这个投资是值得的。

第三，英语历年真题买一本就够了吗？

其实我们可以不局限于某一家的题，可以多买几家、多做几遍，还要多做几年的，高考的时候我们做五年高考三年模拟，做同等学力申硕考试英语历年真题的时候，也要发挥这种精神，把能找到的真题全做个遍，把各大机构的押题卷也做了，肯定能拿高分。

34

Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child. Last spring one of the two, Australia, gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid family leave starting in 2011. I wasn’t surprised when this didn’t make the news here in the United States—we’re now the only wealthy country without such a policy.

The United States does have one explicit family policy, the Family and Medical Leave Act, passed in 1993. It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks’ unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem. Despite the modesty of the benefit, the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly, describing it as “government-run personnel management” and a “dangerous precedent”. In fact, every step of the way, as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law, business groups have been strongly opposed.

As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues, justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for. In her book No Exit：What Parents Owe Their Children and What Society Owes Parents, she argues that parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is “no exit” when it comes to children. “Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care, meaning the intensive, intimate care that human beings need to develop their intellectual, emotional, and moral capabilities. And society expects—and needs—parents to persist in their role for 18 years, or longer if needed.”

While most parents do this out of love, there are public penalties for not providing care. What parents do, in other words, is of deep concern to the state, for the obvious reason that caring for children is not only morally urgent but essential for the future of society. The state recognizes this in the large body of family laws that govern children’s welfare, yet parents receive little help in meeting the life-changing obligations society imposes. To classify parenting as a personal choice for which there is no collective responsibility is not merely to ignore the social benefits of good parenting; really, it is to steal those benefits because they accrue(不断积累) to the whole of society as today’s children become tomorrow’s productive citizenry(公民). In fact, by some estimates, the value of parental investments in children, investments of time and money (including lost wages), is equal to 20-30% of gross domestic product. If these investments generate huge social benefits—as they clearly do—the benefits of providing more social support for the family should be that much clearer.

1. What do we learn about paid family leave from the first paragraph?

A) It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy.

B) America is now the only developed country without the policy.

C) Its meaning was clarified when it was established in Australia.

D) It has now become a hot topic in the United States.

2. What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws in the United States?

A) The lack of a precedent in American history.

B) The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.

C) The opposition from business circles.

D) The incompetence of the Democrats.

3. What is Professor Anne Alstott’s argument for parental support?

A) Good parenting benefits society.

B) The cost of raising children in the US has been growing.

C) The US should keep up with other developed countries.

D) Children need continuous care.

4. What does the author think of America’s large body of family laws governing children’s welfare?

A) They fail to ensure children’s healthy growth.

B) They fail to provide enough support for parents.

C) They impose the care of children on parents.

D) They emphasize parents’ legal responsibilities.

5. Why does the author object to classifying parenting as a personal choice?

A) It is basically a social undertaking. B) It relies largely on social support.

C) It is regarded as a legal obligation. D) It generates huge social benefits.

答案与解析：

1.【答案】B)。

【定位】由题干中的paid family leave和the first paragraph 定位到原文第一段。

【精析】文中首句提到，在发达国家中只有两个国家不提供带薪的照顾新生婴儿假期保障。末句提到，美国现在是所有富裕国家中唯一没有此项政策的国家。综合两句可知，B)含义与之相符。

2.【答案】C)。

【定位】由题干中的work-family balance laws定位到原文第二段末句。

【精析】该句提到，通常民主党领导者努力将工作和家庭平衡措施囊括到法律中去，这其中的每一步都曾遭遇商业团体的强烈反对，其中opposed与题干中prevented对应，由此可知C)为正确答案。

3.【答案】A)。

【定位】由题干中的Professor Anne Alstott’s argument可定位到第三段首句。

【精析】 Anne Alstott教授在其书中表达的主要观点就是“justifying parental support depends on defining the family as a social good that, in some sense, society must pay for”，也就是说，应该将家庭视作一个能够为社会带来好处的事物，同时该段中后面也阐述了社会期望也需要家长们对他们的孩子付出关爱。因此，教授的主要观点可以概括为A)“良好的教养能造福于社会”。

4.【答案】B)。

【定位】由题干中的America’s large body of family laws governing children’s welfare定位到原文第四段第三句。

【精析】该句在提及美国庞大的监管儿童福利的家庭法律时指出，父母在接受社会强加的足以改变命运的责任时却得不到任何帮助，B)含义与之相符，故为本题答案。

5.【答案】A)。

【定位】由题干中的classifying parenting as a personal choice定位至原文第四段第四句。

【精析】由原文可知，将养育孩子作为一种个人选择，而不存在集体责任的话，便是忽视良好教养所产生的社会效益;事实上，是在盗窃这些社会利益。这里的collective responsibility“集体责任”，就是指社会责任。换言之，良好的教养需要社会承担责任，因为它能带来巨大的社会效益。因此作者反对将养育孩子仅仅作为个人选择来看待，是因为A)“抚养教育孩子基本上是一项社会事业”。

20

很多考点会反复出现，这些考点一方面告诉我们这是重点，另一方面可以帮助大家记忆重要知识点。对于反复考查的知识点，大家一定不要局限于答案，而要对答案进行发散思维。考试对于灵活性的要求很高，大家平时一定要加强训练。

2、分析试题难易程度、题型、分值

虽然考试大纲也会有一些介绍，但毕竟不如真题来的实在。通过大量的真题可以得知考试的难易程度，常出的题型，知识点的分值分布等。对于这些，大家最好能随时记录，最后进行对比分析，根据出现的频率就可以知道历年考试的重点和难点，什么题型最常考、什么题型最难答等。

3、分析*比重

任何考试都会有侧重点，大家通过对历年真题的分析，可以得出*的侧重点，然后分析各个章节在整个考试中的地位，进行重点复习。

4、掌握命题风格

因为每年的同一章节往往是由同一位命题老师命的题，因此我们可以分析其命题风格，是注重能力、还是注重基础;是注重课内知识还是课外知识等。

5、提醒大家关注时事新闻

历年考试都会涉及时事，因此大家在平时要多关注时事热点，联系真题中*思路，答题方法和真题解析，掌握时事*的思路和答题方式。

51

Rowling: ____8_____. When the first book came out, they thought ‘this is a book that will appeal to boys ’, but they didn’t want the boys to know a woman had written it. So they said to me ‘could we use your initials ’and I said ‘fine’. I only have one initial. I don’t have a middle name. So I took my favorite grandmother’s name, Kathleen.

Winfrey: ____9_____

Rowling: Yeah, but not for too long, because I started getting my picture in the press and no one could pretend I was a man anymore.

Winfrey: ___10____

Rowling: NO —it hasn’t held me back, has it?

Part II /ocabulary(10 points)

Directions: In this part there are ten sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A, B, C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

11. There are several different options for getting Internet access.

A. choices B. definitions C. channels D. reasons

12. Earth has an atmosphere, which protects the surface from harmful rays.

A. minerals B. substances C. gases D. beams

13. The manager gave one of the salesgirls an accusing look for her hostile attitude toward customers.

A. unfriendly B. optimistic C. impatient D. positive

14. Since it is late to change my mind now, I am resolved to carry out the plan.

A. revise B. implement C. review D. improve

15. Security guards dispersed the crowd that had gathered around the Capitol.

A. arrested B. stopped C. scattered D. watched

16. To start the program, insert the disk and follow the instructions.

A. take out B. turn over C. track down D. put in

17. The patient’s condition has deteriorated since last night.

A. improved B. returned C. worsened D. changed

18. I couldn’t afford to fly home, and a train ticket was likewise beyond my means.

A. also B. nonetheless C. furthermore D. otherwise

19. Despite years of searching, scientists have detected no signs of life beyond our own solar system.

A. within B. besides C. outside D. except

20. I prefer chicken to fish because I am worried about accidentally swallowing a small bone.

A. intentionally B. unexpectedly C. anxiously D. hurriedly

Part III Reading Comprehension (25 points)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

Passage One

Sometimes a race is not enough. Sometimes a runner just wants to go further. That’s what happened to Dennis Martin and Brooke Curran.

Martin, 68, a retired detective form New York City, took up running after his first wife died. Curran, 46, a philanthropist(慈善家)from Alexandria, started running to get out of the house and collect her thoughts. Both she and Martin got good at running but felt the desire to do more. “The more I trained, the better I got,” Curran said,” but I would cross the finish line with no sense of accomplishment.”

Eventually , they worked up to running marathons(马拉松)(and longer races) in other countries, on other countries. Now both have achieved a notable -and increasingly less rate- milestone; running the 26.2-mile race on all seven continents.

They are part of a phenomenon that has grown out of the running culture in the past two decades, at the intersection of athleticism and leisure: “runcations,” which combine distance running with travel to exotic places. There trips, as expensive as they are physically challenging ,are a growing and competitive market in the travel industry.

“In the beginning, running was enough,” said Steen Albrechtsen, a press manager. The classic marathon was the ultimate goal, then came the super marathons, like London and New York. But when 90,000 people a year can take that challenge, it is no longer exciting and adventurous .Hence, the search for new adventures began.”

“No one could ever have imagined that running would become the lifestyle activity that it is today,”said Thom Gilligan, founder and president of Boston-based Marathon Tours and Travel. Gilligan, who has been in business since 1979, is partly responsible for the seven-continent phenomenon.

It started with a casual talk to an interviewer about his company offering trips to every continent except Antarctica. And then in 1995, Marathon fours hosted its first Antarctica Marathon on King George Island. Off the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula; 160 runners got to the starting line of a dirt-and ice-trail route via a Russian icebreaker through the Drake Passage.

21. At the beginning, Martin took up running just to .

A. meet requirements of his job

B. win a running race

C. join in a philanthropic activity

D. get away from his sadness

22. Martin and Curran are mentioned as good examples of .

A. winners in the 26.2-mile race on all seven continents

B. people who enjoy long running as a lifestyle activity

C. running racers satisfied with their own performance

D. old people who live an active life after retirement

23. A new trend in the travel industry is the development of .

A. challenging runcations

B. professional races

C. Antarctica travel market

D. expensive tours

24. The classic marathon no longer satisfies some people because .

A. it does not provide enough challenge

B. it may be tough and dangerous

C. it involves too fierce a competition

D. it has attracted too many people

25. The first Antarctica Marathon on King George Island indicates that

A. international cooperation is a must to such an event

B. runcations are expensive and physically challenging

C. Marathon Tours is a leader of the travel industry

D. adventurous running has become increasingly popular

Passage Two

Before the 1970s, college students were treated as children. So many colleges ran in loco parentis system. “In loco parentis”is a Latin term meaning “in the place of a parent.” It describes when someone else accepts responsibility to act in the interests of a child.

This idea developed long ago in British common law to define the responsibility of teachers toward their students. For years, American courts upheld in loco parentis in cases such as Gott versus Berea College in 1913.Gott owned a restaurant off campus. Berea threatened to expel students who ate at places not owned by the school. The Kentucky high court decided that in loco parentis justified that rule.

In loco parentis meant that male and female college students usually had to live in separate buildings. Women had to be back at their dorms by ten or eleven on school nights.But in the 1960s, students began to protest rules and restrictions like hese. At the same time, courts began to support students who were being punished for political and social dissent.

In 1960, Alabama State College expelled six students who took part in a civil rights demonstration. They sued the school and won. After that it became harder and harder to defend in loco parentis.

At that time, students were not considered adults until 21. Then, in 1971, the 24th amendment to the Constitution set the voting ageat eighteen. So in loco parentis no longer really applied.Slowly, colleges began to treat students not as children, but as adults. Students came to be seen as consumers of educational services.Gary Dickstein, an assistant vice president at Wright State University in Dayton, Ohio, says in loco parentis is not really gone. It just looks different.

Today’s parents, he says, are often heavily involved in students’lives. They are known as “helicopter parents.”They always seem to hover over their children. Gary Dickstein says these parents are likely to question decisions, especially about safety issues and grades. They want to make sure their financial investment is not being wasted.

26. Before the 1970s, many colleges ran in loco parentis system because

A. they could take the place of the students’parents

B. parents asked them to do it for the interests of their children

C. this was a tradition established by British colleges

D. college students were regarded as too young to be treated as adults

27. Who won the case of Gott versus Berea College in 1913?

A. Berea College. B. Gott.

C. It was a win-win case. D. The students.

28. The word “dissent”(Para.5) probably means “ ”.

A. extreme behaviors B. violation of laws

C. strong disagreement D. Wrong doings

29. In 1960，the court ruled that Alabama State College

A. had no right to expel the students

B. was justified to have expelled the students

C. shouldn’t interfere with students’ daily life

D. should support civil rights demonstrations

30. According to Gary Dickstein, today’s “helicopter parents_____

A. don’t set their hearts at rest with college administrators

B. keep a watchful eye on their children’s life and study

C. care less about their children’s education than before

D. have different opinions on their children’s education

Passage Three

We tend to think of plants as the furniture of the natural word. They don’t move they don’t make sounds, they don’t seem to respond to anything –at least not very quickly. But as is often the case, our human view of the world misses quite a lot. Plants talk to each other all the time. And the language is chemical.

Over the years scientists have reported that different types of plants, from trees to tomatoes, release compounds into the air to help neighboring plants. These chemical warnings all have the same purpose—to spread information about one plant’s disease so other plants can defend themselves. But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still mysterious.In this week’s Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers in Japan offer some explanations. They have identified one chemical message and traced it all the way from release to action.

The scientists looked at tomato plants infested(侵害) by common pest, the cutworm caterpillar(毛虫). To start out, they grew plants in two plastic ompartments connected by a tube. One plant was infested and placed upwind and he others were uninfested and placed downwind. The downwind plants were later exposed to the cutworm caterpillar. The results showed that plants that had previously been near sick neighbors were able to defend themselves better against the caterpillar.

The researchers also studied leaves from exposed and unexposed plants. They found one compound showed up more often in the exposed plants. The substance is called Hex /ic. When the scientists fed Hex /ic to cutworms, it knocked down heir survival rate by 17%. The scientists identified the source of Hex /ic, and sprayed it lightly over healthy plants. Those plants were then able to start producing the caterpillar-killing Hex /ic. Researchers confirmed that uninfested plants have to build their own weapon to fight off bugs and diseases. How do they know when to play defense? They are warned first by their friendly plant neighbors.

It is a complex tale, and it may be happening in more plant species than tomatoes. It may also be happening with more chemical signals that are still unknown to us. For now though, we know that plants not only communicate, they look out for one another.

31. What does the author try to emphasize Paragraph 1?

A. How plants communicate is still a mystery.

B. Enough attention has been paid to plant talk.

C. Plants are the furniture of the natural world.

D. Plants can communicate with each other.

32. According to Paragraph2, what remains unknown is ______

A. how plats receive and handle the signals from their neighbors

B. why plants spread chemical information to their neighbor

C. how many types of plants release compounds into the air

D. whether plants send chemical warnings to their neighbors

33. The tomato plants in the experiment were ______

A. placed separately but connected through air

B. expose to different kinds of pests

C. exposed to the pest at the same time

D. placed together in a closed compartment

34. The experiment shows that the infested plant helps its neighbors by

______

A. making more Hex /ic to attract the pest

B. releasing Hex /ic into the air to warn them

C. letting them know how to produce Hex /ic

D. producing enough Hex /ic to kill the pest

35.What may be the best title for the passage?

A. Survival of Plants B. Plant World

C. Talking Plants D. Plant Bug Killer

Passage Four

/ancouver is the best place to live in the Americas, according to a quality-of-life ranking published earlier this month .The city regularly tops such indexes as its clean air, spacious homes and weekend possibilities of sailing and skiing. But its status as a liveable city is threatened by worsening congestion(拥挤).Over the next three decades, another I million residents are expected to live in the Greater /ancouver region, adding more cars, bicycles and lorries to roads that arc already struggling to serve the existing 2.3 million residents.

A proposal by /ancouver’s mayorseeks to prevent the worsening conditions.

Upgrades would be madeto 2,300 kilometres of road lanes, as well as bus routes and cycle paths. Four hundred new buses would join the fleet of 1,830. There would be more trains and more “sea bus” ferry crossings between /ancouver and its wealthy northern suburbs. To get all that, residents must vote to accept an increase in sales tax, from 7% to 7.5%. Polls suggest they will vote no.Everyone agrees that a more efficient transport system is needed. Confined by mountains to the north, the United States to the south and the Pacific Ocean to the west, /ancouver has spread in the only direction where there is still land, into the Fraser /alley, which just a few decades ago was mostly farmland.

The road is often overcrowded.Yet commuters’suspicion of local bureaucrats may exceed their dislike of congestion. TransLink, which runs public transport in the region, is unloved by taxpayers. Passengers blame it when Skytrain,the light-rail system, comes to a standstill because of mechanical or electrical faults, as happened twice in one week last summer, leaving commuters stuck in carriages with nothing to do but expressing their anger on Twitter. That sort of thing has made voters less willing to pay the C$7.5 billion in capital spending that the ten-year trafficupgrade would involve.Despite the complaints, /ancouver’s transport system is a decent, well-integrated one on which to build, reckons Todd Litman, a transport consultant who has worked for TransLink. “These upgrades are all-important if /ancouver wants to maintain its reputation for being a destination others want to go to.”He says.

36. The biggest problem threatening /ancouver as a liveable city is .

A. increasing congestion

B. climate change

C. shortage of land

D. lack of money

37. The upgrade proposal by /ancouver’s mayor may be turned down by residents because .

A. they do not want more people to move in

B. they are reluctant to move to new places

C. upgrades would take away their living space

D. upgrades would add to their financial burdens

38. The only direction for /ancouver to further expand is towards .

A. the east

B. the west

C. the south

D. the north

39. TransLink is mentioned (Para.4) as an example of .

A. world famous transport companies

B. local residents’complaints about the bureaucrats

C. local effort to improve public transport

D. worsening traffic congestion

40. According to Todd Litman, the upgrade proposal .

A. will solve the traffic problem

B. will benefit local economy

C. satisfies the transport company

D. deserves public support

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A, B, C and D Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Towards the end of the 1990s, more than a decade and a half Diet Coke was first introduced, sale of Coca Cola’s best-selling low caloric drink appeared to slow down.However, in the decade that followed, diet sodas grew by more than 30 percent. In 2009, sales pushed above $8.5 billion for the first time. But America’s thirst for Diet Coke is running dry again-and this time it could be for good.

The diet soda slowdown isn’t merely an American thing- it’s also happening worldwide. But the future of diet colas is particularly cloudy in the United

States.

Low calorie sodas are fighting a hard battle against not one but two trends among American consumers. The first is that overall soda consumption has been on the decline since before 2000. Diet sodas, though they might come sugar- and calorie-free, are still sodas, something Americans are proving less and less interested in drinking.

The second, and perhaps more significant trend, is a growing mistrust of artificial sweeteners(甜味剂). “Consumers’attitudes towards sweeteners have really changed.”said Howard Telford, an industry analyst.“There’s a very negative perception about artificial sweeteners. The industry is still trying to get its head around this.”

Comment 1

Add me to the number of people addicted to diet colas who quit drinking soda altogether. I honestly think soda is addictive and I’m happy not to be drinking it anymore.

Comment 2

Perhaps the slowdown has something more to do with the skyrocketing cost of

soft drinks.

Comment 3

I LO/E diet drinks! Am I unhealthy? Who knows? I guarantee I have a better physique than most 43-year-old men.

Comment4

This is a silly and shallow piece。The reason for the fall off is simply the explosion in consumption of bottled waters and energy drinks.

Comment5

As people learn more about health and wellness they will consume less sugar,less soda,less artificial sweeteners.

41.What do we know about diet soda sale?

A.It began to undergo a gradual drop starting from 2000.

B.It was on the decline since the 1990s but is on the rise now.

C.It reached its peak in the 2000s but began to drop since then.

D.It has been decreasing since the 1990s.

42.What does the author think of the prospects of diet soda sale?

A.It will continue to drop.

B.It will get better soon.

C.It is hard to say for sure.

D.It may have ups and downs.

43.Which comment gives a personal reason for quitting diet colas?

A.Comment5. B.Comment4.

C.Comment3. D.Comment1.

44.Which comment supports the author’s point of view?

A. Comment2. B. Comment3.

C. Comment4. D. Comment5.

45.Which comments disagree with the author on the author on the cause of soda sale slowdown?

A. Comment3 and Comment5. B. Comment2 and Comment4.

C. Comment1 and Comment4. D. Comment2 and Comment3.

Part I/ Cloze (10 points)

Directions: In this part, there is a passage with ten blanks. For each blank there are four choices marked, A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.When asked about the impact of disturbing news on children, one mother said: “My 11-year-old daughter doesn’t like watching the news. She has 46 about what she has seen. One time, she watched a report about a person who killed a family member with a knife. That night she dreamed that she too was being killed.” Another interviewee said: “ My six-year-old niece saw reports of tornadoes(龙卷风)from elsewhere in the country. For weeks 47 , she was terrified.

She 48 call me on the phone, convinced that a tornado was coming her way and that she was going to die.”Do you think disturbing news reports can frighten children? In one survey, nearly 40 percent of parents said that their children had been 49 by something they saw in the news and that, 50 , the children had feared that a similar event would happen to them or their loved ones. Why? One factor is that children often

51 the news differently from adults. For example, small children may believe that a 52 that is broadcast repeatedly is really happening repeatedly.A second factor is that daily reports of disturbing events can distort a child’s 53 of the world. True, we live in “critical times hard to 54 .” But repeated exposure to disturbing news reports can cause children to develop lasting fears. “Children who watch a lot of T/ news 55 to overestimate the occurrence of crime and may perceive the world to be a more dangerous place than it actually is,” observes the Kaiser Family Foundation.

46.A. thoughts B. nightmares C. ideas D. pictures

47. A. afterward B. ago C. before D. later

48. A. should B. might C. could D. would

49. A. bored B. angered C. upset D. disappointed

50. A. in no time B. by all means C. all the more D. as a result

51. A. tell B. interpret C. narrate D. treat

52. A. tragedy B. comedy C. play D. drama

53. A. imagination B. view C. sight D. look

54. A. give up B. stick to C. deal with D. set down

55. A. prefer B. turn C. come D. tend

Part / Text Completion (20 points)

Directions: In this part there are three incomplete texts with 20 questions (Ranging from 56 to 75).Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed. First, use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.

Text One

A. angrier

B. getting

C. action

Phrases:

A. which makes you 56

B. like 57 any compensation

C. to take any 56

Picture this situation: you have bought a faulty item from a shop and you take it back to complain. You go directly to the shop assistant and tell them your problem. They say they cannot help you, 59 to the point perhaps where you start insulting the poor shop assistant. This will do you no favours, 60 , or even your money back. If you go directly to the first person you see, you may be wasting your time as they may be powerless 61 .So the important lesson to be learnt is to make sure firstly that you are speaking to the relevant person, the one who has the authority to make decisions.

Text Two

A. the smaller

B. as much as

C. up to a year

D. more likely

Phrases:

A. 20% 62 to feel happy

B. 63 the physical distance between friends

C. but not 64 happiness

D. lasted for 65

The new study found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves. And 66 , the larger the effect they had on each other's happiness. For example, a person was 67 if a friend living within one and a half kilometers was also happy. Having a happy neighbor who lived next door increased an individual’s chance of being happy by 34%. The effects of friends' happiness 68 . The researcher found that happiness really is contagious (传染的).Sadness also spread among friends

Text Three

A. later regretted

B. spending

C. tend to

Phrases:

A. remember past impulse purchases that you 70

B. you may 71 purchase on impulse

C. keep 72 under control

In addition to the external pressure we face from marketing, our own feelings and habits can contribute to excessive spending. Here are some suggestions to help you 73 . First, resist your impulse buying. Do you enjoy the excitement of shopping and finding a bargain? If so, 74 . To resist, slow down and think realistically about the long-term consequences of buying, owning, and maintaining what you are planning to buy. Stop and 75 . Give yourself a “cool down” period before making your final decision.

Paper Two(50minutes)

Part /I Translation (10 points)

Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.

Should work be placed among the cases of happiness or be regarded as a burden? Much work is exceedingly tiresome, and an excess of work causes stress and even disease. I think, however, that, provided work is not excessive in amount, even boring work is less harmful than idleness. We sometimes feel a little relief from work; at other tomes work gives us delight. These feeling arise according to the type of work we are doing and our ability to do that work. Work fills many hours of the day and removes the need to decide what one should do.

Part /II Writing (15 points)

Directions: Write a composition in no less than 150 words on the topic: How

can we contribute to the environmental protection? You should write according to the outline given below. Write your composition on the Answer Sheet.

环境保护已成为我们的共同的责任。

你认为我们该怎样做才能降低能耗，节省资源，保护地球环境?

请举例说明。

24

因特网在很多方面对社会有非常积极的影响。它改善了交流方式，简化了任务解决的方法，提供了巨大的便捷，使得处理过程更为快速，同时提供了更多的选择，所有这些都节省出更多的时间来做其他事情。然而，有趣的是，因特网在某些方面却有负面影响。交流质量下降了，人们也变得没有耐心，因为他们习惯了立刻得到满足，而且上网本身也占用了大量时间。

参考答案二

因特网在很多方面对社会有非常积极的影响。它改善交流，简化任务解决，提供巨大便捷，还使得处理过程更为快速，同时提供更多的选择，所有这些都节省出更多的时间来做其他事情。然而，有趣的是，因特网在某些方面却有负面影响。沟通质量下降了，人们也变得没有耐心，因为他们习惯了要求立刻得到满足，而且上网本身也占用了大量/很多时间。

汉译英

参考答案一

People pay great homage /respect to Steve Jobs after he passed away. One of the reasons is that he has created the aesthetic perception for scientific and technological products. No matter whether cars or computers, according to Steve Jobs, consumers are willing to buy those products which look more beautiful than their counterparts. With/Under the leadership of Steve Jobs, Apple has brought about the unrivaled experience and beautified people´s daily lives in the aspects such as the appearances and materials of products and the feelings of usage.

参考答案二

People pay great homage /respect to Steve Jobs after he passed away. One of the reasons is that he has created the aesthetic perception for scientific and technological products. Steve Jobs holds that consumers are willing to buy those products-whether cars or computers-which look more beautiful than their counterparts. With/Under the leadership of Steve Jobs, Apple has brought about the unrivaled experience and beautified people´s daily lives in all aspects from the appearances and materials of products and the feelings of usage.

写作

My favorite way of keeping fits

Observations and research findings indicate that people are increasingly concerned about keeping fits. The importance people attach to it and the rapid development of related services are the signs of this.

There are several ways of keeping fits. Dieting should be fundamental to one´s health. We are facing more choice than ever before. Therefore, we should be cautious to select the proper foods and to control the reasonable amount. What´s more, taking exercise is another essential way. In addition, nobody is exposed to be considered as healthy in mental disorder, so that keeping mental health is also important.

As for me, I am exerting all my strength on keep my fits, by taking reasonable dieting and proper exercise and by remain in good my. In particular, I like jogging, more than four times per week, and approximately five kilometers each time. So, I am in my good shape and look like teenager, although I am in my 30s. Meantime, I like the feeling of accomplishment and happiness after I finish my length. I even like to feel sweat rolling down.

【学苑教育提供参考答案】

Part I

1-5 BBCDA 6-10 ACCBD

Part II

11-15 BACDC 16-20 CDBBC

21-25 BBABD 26-30 ACDCD

Part III

31-36 DBCADA 37-42 CBCABA

43-48 BCDBAB 49-54 ACBDDA

55-60 ABDDBC

Part I/

61-65 ADCBD 66-70ABCCD 71-75 BADCB

二卷参考答案

翻译：

英译汉

因特网在很多方面对社会有积极的影响。它提供人们之间交流更多交流机会，简化了处理事情的方法，提供了很大的便捷，处理更快速，提供了更多的选择，所有这些都节省了更多的时间做其他事情。然而，有趣的是，因特网还有一些负面的影响。交流的质量下降了，人们也变得没有耐心，因为他们习惯于即时的满足，而且上网本身也占用了大量时间。

汉译英

People pay homage to Steve Jobs after he has passed away. One of the reasons is that he has created the aesthetic perception for scientific and technological products. No matter cars or computers, according to Steve Jobs, consumers are willing to buy those products which look more beautiful than their counterparts. With the leadership of Steve Jobs, Apple has brought about the unrivaled experience and beautified people´s daily lives in the respects such as the appearance and materials of products and the feeling of usage.

写作

The Favorite Way of Keeping Fit

Nowadays it has to be admitted that the whole society is faced with ´health issue´. According to a recent survey conducted on the Internet, 42 in a hundred people are likely to suffer from vital diseases after retirement. This phenomenon has led to considerable thoughts and considerations about the issue of health among the general public. For my perspective, I believe that proper diet and exercise are the upmost importance to health.

First, diet, this will undoubtedly become the prior one. Mounting fruits and vegetables are supposed to be listed in daily menu for their plenty of fibers and little fat. As a remarkable proverb says,“ An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Second, those food contain too much fat and sugar, such as candies, butter, pork and chocolate, should be kept under strict limit line. And excessive coffee is harmful too. Third, exercise comes up closely. Regular exercise burns extra energy and builds proper shapes. For instance, people with habit of jogging everyday are much healthier than those without it.

From what has been discussed above, I believe that these aspects should be given due

attention now. On one hand, people should always bear these in mind for their own level; On the other hand, more advanced health information shall be open to the public. Only in this way can we keep good health and enjoy a pleasant life.

【清华在线提供参考答案】

Paper one

1-5 BBCDA 6-10 ACCBD

11-15 BACDC 16-20 CDBBC

21-25 ABABD 26-30 ABDBD

31-35 DBCAD 36-40 ACBCA

41-45 BABAD 46-50 BABAC

51-55 BDDAA 56-60 BDDBC

61-65 ADCBD 66-70ABCCD

71-75 BADCB

Paper two

Translation

Section A

因特网在很多方面都对社会产生了积极的影响。它改进了人们的交流，简化了任务处理，使人们的生活更便利，做起事来更快捷，选择更多，最终让人们有更多的时间做其他事情。

但是，有趣的是，因特网在某些方面也对社会产生了消极的影响。人们交流的质量下降了。因为习惯了要求能够迅速地得到满足，人们也变得不再有耐心。而且，使用因特网也占用了人们太多时间。

Section B

Steve Jobs is admired much after his death. The reason is that he created a sense of beauty of technology products. No matter it is a car or computer, Steve Jobs believed that people is willing to buy things that look better than the similar products. Under the leadership of Steve Jobs, Apple has brought fantastic experience to people and make their life more beautiful, whether in appearance, materials, feel or other aspects.

Writing

There are many ways to keep fit. Some people keep away from smoke or drinking, and others try to ensure enough time to sleep. And my favorite is eating breakfast. It is so easy that some people may doubt its truth.

But it is true. Scientists have proved that breakfast can provide you energy for the most time of the day. It is a key in the three meals of people. If you don´t eat breakfast, your brain will not keep clear in the morning. And we all know that it is an important time for the whole work day.

And above all, it is easier to keep fit in the way of having breakfast than any other ways, for example, exercise, which people always complain that they haven´t enough time to do.

People often say that your health is your life. So please pay attention to your health. If you really have no time, remember to take some food with you for breakfast when you go to work.

83

大家知道对于在职研的备考中最关键的还是需要我们利用一些历年真题来进行有效地复习，那么对于英语一直是大家备考中最大的拦路虎，为了给大家提供一个复习的平台，在职研究生教育信息网给大家总结了2012年的同等学力申硕英语的翻译及写作的历年真题及答案以供大家参考。需要访问更多的真题信息的话都可以到在职研究生历年真题网进行查找。

英译汉
因特网在很多方面对社会有积极的影响。它提供人们之间交流更多交流机会，简化了处理事情的方法，提供了很大的便捷，处理更快速，提供了更多的选择，所有这些都节省了更多的时间做其他事情。然而，有趣的是，因特网还有一些负面的影响。交流的质量下降了，人们也变得没有耐心，因为他们习惯于即时的满足，而且上网本身也占用了大量时间。

汉译英答案
People pay homage to Steve Jobs after he has passed away. One of the reasons is that he has created the aesthetic perception for scientific and technological products. No matter cars or computers, according to Steve Jobs, consumers are willing to buy those products which look more beautiful than their counterparts. With the leadership of Steve Jobs, Apple has brought about the unrivaled experience and beautified people’s daily lives in the respects such as the appearance and materials of products and the feeling of usage.

作文范文
The Favorite Way of Keeping Fit

Nowadays it has to be admitted that the whole society is faced with 'health issue'. According to a recent survey conducted on the Internet, 42 in a hundred people are likely to suffer from vital diseases after retirement. This phenomenon has led to considerable thoughts and considerations about the issue of health among the general public. For my perspective, I believe that proper diet and exercise are the upmost importance to health.

First, diet, this will undoubtedly become the prior one. Mounting fruits and vegetables are supposed to be listed in daily menu for their plenty of fibers and little fat. As a remarkable proverb says," An apple a day keeps the doctor away." Second, those food contain too much fat and sugar, such as candies, butter, pork and chocolate, should be kept under strict limit line. And excessive coffee is harmful too. Third, exercise comes up closely. Regular exercise burns extra energy and builds proper shapes. For instance, people with habit of jogging everyday are much healthier than those without it.

From what has been discussed above, I believe that these aspects should be given due

attention now. On one hand, people should always bear these in mind for their own level; On the other hand, more advanced health information shall be open to the public. Only in this way can we keep good health and enjoy a pleasant life.

21

Part 1 Dialogue communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)
Section A Dialogue completion
Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1.A: Dan gave me a free ride home, but I paid for the gas.
B: You know what they say, ____.
A one good turn deserves another
B there's no free lunch
C it's who you know that counts
D don't bite off more than you can chew

2. A: David said he bought a new BMW for $5,000!
B: _____. Sounds pretty cheap to me!
A: Well, that's what he said.
A Come to think of it.
B Are you sure?
C Do you think so?
D Is he crazy?

3. A: We just came back from Phoenix. And we had the best vacation in years.
B: ____. I'm glad to hear it.
A How was it?
B Oh, my goodness!
C Good for you.
D Oh, there you go again.

4. A: I just can't stand this class any more?
B: ____. It's required, and you have to sit in it in order to graduate.
A Why, you can say that again!
B Well, why not just drop out of it?
C Why, I couldn't agree more!
D Well, you might as well get used to it.

5. A: I don't know about you, but I thought that film was terrific.
B: ____. The action was great, and so was the music.
A I'm with you there
B Just the same.
C More or less.
D I sure do.

Section B Dialogue Comprehension
Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding letter with single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

6. Woman: I'm tired of driving all the way to work and back every day. If only cars could drive themselves!
Man: Well, some car manufactures are working on them. I guess you'll soon buy one if you can afford it.
Question: What does the man imply?
A Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.
B The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car.
C He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.
D Driving to work is really a headache.

7. Woman: I'd rather not talk about it. Just don't ask.
Man: Come on. I think you need to let off some steam.
Question: What does the man advise the woman to do?
A To keep the secret.
B To talk to him about the problem.
C To reduce the workload.
D To have a good rest.

8. Woman: Julie's dress looks funny. That style went out last year.
Man: Oh, come on, as long as it looks good on her.
Question: What does the man try to emphasize?
A Julie's dress is not outdated.
B Julie's dress does not suit her.
C Julie looks fine in that dress.
D Julie should follow the fashion.

9. Man: What kind of snacks do you prefer?
Woman: Oh, I've got a sweet tooth, you know.
Question: What does the woman probably like?
A Sandwich.
B Hot dogs.
C Potato chips.
D Ice cream.

10. Man: Annie, how does it not even cross your mind that you might want a future with someone?
Woman: It's simple. I don't mind being married to may career.
Question: What's Annie's attitude towards her future?
A She will stay with someone unmarried.
B She will live a simple life.
C She will fully focus on her job.
D She will quit her job to get married.

Part II /ocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

11. The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.
A factor
B constituent
C break
D barrier

12. Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.
A benefit from
B count on
C stand for
D stick to

13. The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.
A foresaw
B neglected
C explored
D assessed

14. Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.
A reminded
B expected
C requested
D compelled

15. Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas.
A popularity
B creativity
C feasibility
D flexibility

16. We suspect there is a quire deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.
A conscious
B desperate
C intentional
D clumsy

17. So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.
A hardly
B just
C almost
D definitely

18. Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.
A caught
B constrained
C concealed
D concentrated

19. Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work,
A poisonous
B difficult
C harmful
D dangerous

20. Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of $9 billion.
A precisely
B merely
C approximately
D substantially

Section B
Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

21. Susan never took any cookery courses; she learned cooking by ____ useful tips from T/ cookery programs.
A bringing up
B picking up
C putting up
D pulling up

22. The President _____ his deputy to act for him while he was abroad.
A promoted
B substituted
C displaced
D authorized

23. It ____ without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower.
A takes
B appears
C goes
D makes

24. The world economic recession put an ____ end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002.
A irregular
B illegal
C absurd
D abrupt

25. I'm ____ about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it.
A mysterious
B furious
C serious
D curious

26. The Labor Party's electoral strategy, based on an ____ with other smaller parties, has proved successful.
A acquaintance
B integration
C intimacy
D alliance

27. The new aircraft will be ____ to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃.
A suspended
B suppressed
C subjected
D summoned

28. The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful ____ to my ordinary income.
A supplement
B profit
C subsidy
D replacement

29. Chinese people are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining ____ of tooth decay.
A incidence
B treatment
C consequence
D misfortune

30. Many countries have conversation programs to prevent certain ____ of fish from becoming extinct.
A sources
B species
C numbers
D members

Part III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each)
Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 6 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One
People are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expects to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. this is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity （长寿）of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then - the gap is growing.
A number of reasons have been proposed to accounts for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents).
Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.
One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men. That is, they report far more illnesses. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.
Some researchers have suggested that men may die early because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. (Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.
Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually all mammalian (哺乳动物的) species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages（流产）. In human, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.

31. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A Men's lifespan remains almost unchanged.
B Researchers have found the cause of the age gap/
C The age gap was noticed only recently.
D The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.

32. As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to women's longer lifespan are ____.
A diseases and road accidents
B industrialization and work strains
C their endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventure
D their immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcohol

33. According to Paragraph3, which of the following statements is true?
A The great number of male smokers contributes to the age gap.
B The growing number of smoking women will narrow the age gap.
C Smoking does not seem to affect women's longevity.
D Female workers are more likely to smoke than make workers.

34. Which of the following phenomena makes researchers puzzled?
A Through more liable to illnesses, women still live longer..
B Men's health is more closely related to their emotions
C Men show worse symptoms than women when they fall ill.
D Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.

35. The word" edge" in Paragraph 6 means "_____".
A margin
B side
C quality
D advantage

36. What is the main idea of the passage?
A That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity.
B The greater longevity of women remains a mystery.
C People are living longer as a result of industrialization.
D Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life.

Passage Two
Until last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood commuted to school on Bus 59. But as fuel prices rose, the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the school's busing company redrew its route map, eliminating Nia's bus altogether. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a "walking school bus"-a group of kids, supervised by an adult or two, who make the walk together.
Like the rest of us, school districts are feeling pinched by rising fuel costs-and finding new way to adapt. The price of diesel fuel has gone up 34 percent in the past two years. For the typical American school district, bus bills total 5 percent of the budget. As administrators look to trim, busing is an inviting target, since it doesn't affect classroom instruction (or test scores). More than one third of American school administrators have eliminated bus stops or routes in order to stay within budget.
Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves: according to a 1969 survey, nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school, compared with only 16 percent in 2001. modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have diminished.
Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busing is a must, some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks. Busing companies instruct drivers to eliminate extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling. They are also using computer software to determine the most fuel-efficient routes, which aren't always the shortest ones.
There could be downsides, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school, it's an environmental win-but if too many of their parents decide to drive then instead, the overall carbon footprint can grow. Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks: A 2002 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses have fewer accidents and withstand them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes, particularly when the route contains a really big hill.

37. The "walking school bus" _____.
A aims to keep children fit
B does not consume fuel
C seldom causes traffic jams
D is popular with school kids

38. In America the responsibility for busing kids to school lies with ____.
A school districts
B individual schools
C teacher
D parents

39. As regards walking to school, modern parents seem much concerned with the _____.
A time spent on the way
B changes in the route
C safety of their children
D kid's physical strength

40. To save money, some schools choose to _____.
A shorten the school week
B take the shortest routes
C give drives better training
D use fuel efficient buses

41. Busing cutbacks may eventually lead to _____.
A fiercer competition among bus companies
B more students taking public transportation
C a decrease in the safety of school buses
D an increase in carbon dioxide emissions

42. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude towards busing cutbacks?
A Favorable
B Critical
C Indifferent
D Objective

Passage Three

If you haven't heard or seen anything about Road Rage in the last few month you've probably been avoiding the media. There have been countless stories about the new and scary phenomenon, considered a type of aggressive driving. You have more likely encountered aggressive driving and/or Road Rage recently if you drive at all.
While drunk driving remains a critical problem, the facts about aggressive driving are surely as disturbing. For instance, according to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, 41,907 people died on the highway last year. Of those fatalities, the agency estimates that about two-thirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior.
Why is this phenomenon occurring more than ever now, and why is it something that seemed almost nonexistent a few short years ago? Experts have several theories, and all are probably partially correct. One suggestion is sheer to overcrowding. In the last decade, the number of cars on the roads has increased by more than 11 percents, and the number of miles driven has increased by 35 percent. However, the number of new road miles has only increase by 1 percent. That means more cars in the same amount of space; and the problem is magnified in urban areas. Also, people have less time and more things to do. With people working and trying to fit extra chores (琐事) and activities into the day, stress levels have never been higher. Stress creates anxiety, which leads to short tempers. These factors, when combined in certain situations, can spell Road Rage.
You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively, but you might be surprised. For instance, have you ever yelled out loud at a slower driver, ounded the horn long and hard at another car, or sped up to keep another driver from assign? If you recognize yourself in any of these situations, watch out!
Whether you are getting angry at other drivers, or another driver is visibly upset with you, there are things you can do to avoid any major confrontation. If you are sceptible to Road Rage, the key is to discharge your emotion in a healthy way. If you are the target of another driver's rage, do everything possible to get away from the other driver safety, including avoiding eye contact and getting out of their way.

43. The first sentence in Paragraph 1 implies that _____.
A Road Rage has received much media coverage in the last few months
B people not interested in the media know little about recent happenings
C one may be raged by media reports and wants to avoid them
D the media coined the term "Road Rage" only a few months ago

44. According to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, last year _____.
A more people were killed by aggressive driving than by drunk driving
B drunk driving remained the No.1 killer on the highway
C two thirds of drivers were killed by aggressive driving
D 41,907 people fell victim to aggressive driving

45. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of aggressive driving?
A Increasing number of cars
B Drivers' stress and anxiety
C Rush hour traffic
D Overcrowded roads

46. The word "spell" in Paragraph 3 means"_____".
A cause
B speak
C describe
D spare

47. Which of the following characterizes aggressive driving?
A Talking while driving
B Driving fast
C Sounding the horn when passing
D Yelling at another driver

48. The last paragraph is intended to _____.
A inform people how aggressive drivers could be
B tell people how to cope with Road Rage
C tell people how to control themselves when angry
D warn people against eye contact with another driver

Passage Four

Many are aware of the tremendous waste of energy in our environment, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone knows that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature.
Fortunately, one need not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can be readily automated. Ultimately, this technology will enable consumers and plant managers to better identify wasteful energy use and institute procedures that lead to smarter and more efficient homes, buildings and industrial plants.
Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor (传感器) networks by making them difficult and expensive to install and maintain. Battery-powered wireless networks can simplify installation and reduce cost. But their high power consumption and the corresponding need for regular battery replacement has made wireless networks difficult and costly to maintain. Nobody wants to replace hundreds or thousands of window sensor batteries in a large building on a regular basis.
The promise of wireless sensor networks can only be fully realized when the wiring for both the data communication and the power supply is eliminated. Doing so requires a true battery-free wireless solution, one that can utilize energy harvested directly from the environments. To facilitate the widespread deployment of wireless sensor networks, Greenpeak has developed an ultra-low-power communication technology that can utilize environmental energy sources such as light, motion and vibration. This technology, employing on-board power management circuits and computer software to monitor energy harvesters and make the best use of harvested energy, enables sensors to operate reliably in a battery-free environment.
Wireless sensor networks deployed in out offices and homes will have an enormous impact on our daily lives, helping to build a smarter world in which energy is recycled and fully utilized. These wireless platforms, equipped with advanced sensing capability, will enable us to better control our lives, homes and environment, creating a truly connected world that enables people worldwide to live in a more comfortable, safer, and cleaner environment.

49. By "human intervention" (Paragraph 2), the author refers to _____.
A the reduction of great energy waste in the environment
B the grasping of straightforward opportunities available
C the adoption of smart sensing and network technology
D acts like turning off lights when no one is in the room

50. Batteries are not an ideal energy source for sensor networks because they ____.
A contain metals that pollute the environment
B have to be replaced from time to time
C require automatic recharging
D are difficult and costly to maintain

51. Battery-free wireless sensor networks are made possible by the fact that _____.
A the cost of using them has been drastically reduced
B there is energy in the environment to be utilized
C modern data communication consumes little energy
D their maintenance has been greatly simplified

52. According to the passage, GreenPeak _____.
A promotes the application of wireless sensor networks
B is the first company to install wireless sensor networks
C supplies batteries operating on harvested energy
D benefits handsomely from communication technology

53. The focus of Paragraph 4 is on the _____.
A replacement of batteries in harvesters
B monitoring of energy harvested from the environment
C impact of sensor networks on power supply
D elimination of batteries in sensor networks

54. Wireless sensor networks promise to ____.
A bring businesses high profits
B further develop the sensing technology
C improve the daily lives of people worldwide
D turn motion into a major source of energy

Passage Five
In the early 20th century, a horse named Clever Hans was believed capable of counting and other impressive mental tasks. After years of great performance, psychologists discovered that though Hans was certainly clever, he was not clever in the way everyone expected. The horse was cleverly picking up on tiny, unintentional bodily and facial signals given out not only by his trainer, but also by the audience. Aware of the "Clever Hans" effect, Lisa Lit at the University of California and her colleagues wondered whether the beliefs of professional dog handlers might similarly affect the outcomes of searchers for drugs and explosives. Remarkably, Dr Lit found, they do.
Dr Lit asked 18 professional dog handlers and their dogs to complete brief searches. Before the searches, the handlers were informed that some of the search area might contain up to three target scents, and also that in two cases those scents would be marked by pieces of red paper. What the handlers were not told was that none of the search areas contained the scents of either drugs or explosives. Any "detections" made by the teams thus had to be false.
The findings reveals that of 144 searches, only 21 were clean (no alerts). All the others raised one alert or more. In total, the teams raised 225 alerts. While the sheer number of false alerts stuck Dr Lit as fascinating, it was where they took place that was of greatest interest.
When handlers could see a red piece of paper, allegedly marking a location of interest, they were much more likely to say that their dogs signaled an alert. The human handlers were not only distracted on almost every occasion by the stimulus aimed at them, but also transmitted that distraction to their animals-who responded accordingly. To mix metaphors, the dogs were crying "wolf" at the unconscious signal of their handlers.
How much that matters in the real world is unclear. But it might. If a handler, for example, unconsciously "profiled" people being sniffed by a drug, or explosive-detecting dog at an airport, false positive could abound. That is not only bad for innocent travelers, but might distract the team from catching the guilty.

55. What did psychologists find out about Clever Hans?
A He was as clever as people claimed.
B He was really good at counting.
C He merely responded to human signals.
D He could understand human language.

56. Lisa Lit and her colleagues ____.
A questioned the "Clever Hans" effect
B discovered the "Clever Hans" effect
C rejected the "Clever Hans" effect
D confirmed the "Clever Hans" effect

57. The dog handlers learned before the searches that ____.
A each search area contained three target scents
B there was actually no target scent in the search area
C their dogs were expected to find the scents of red paper
D some target scents may be labeled with a special mark

58. What was most significant about the experiment, according to Dr Lit?
A The regularity of the false alerts
B The location of the false alerts
C The number of the false alerts
D The timing of the false alerts

59. It can be concluded from the experiment that ____.
A dogs may act in response to their handlers' bodily signals
B dog handlers are more likely to be distracted than their dogs
C the cooperation between dogs and their handlers is key to success
D well-trained dogs can better understand their handlers' signals

60. The author thinks that Dr Lit's findings _____.
A may not be useful in real situations
B should raise our concern in real life
C should be backed up by further evidence
D will be widely applied in the near future

Part I/ Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)
Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources, __61__ those species that are endangered. __62__, many zoos displayed live animals for public entertainment. Presently some zoos have become scientific and educational __63__ that have contributed to the understanding and conservation of wild animal populations. __64__ the challenges facing modern zoos are the cost of upgrading old facilities, the struggle to obtain __65__ operating funds, and the need to attract more visitors to new and entertaining exhibits.
Many __66__ zoos in American cities have undergone renovation (翻新) during the last decades of the twentieth century. Among the recent trends in zoo __67__ is the construction of new enclosures that resemble natural habitats (栖息地). The replacement of traditional steel bars and concrete floors __68__ appropriately designed surroundings improves visitor appreciation of the animals. Such renovations may __69__ stress on animals and allow them to interact with one another more naturally.
Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs. A captive propagation program includes the breeding of __70__ zoo or wild animals to obtain offspring, usually for release to __71__ or for transfer to other zoos. Captive breeding is one method of __72__ some species from extinction.
Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also ,with education departments that develop programs __ 73__ zoo exhibits. Public activities include in-school programs, zoo tours, special events, and websites. The Zoological Society of New York, for example, conducted a major project with a Western African government to monitor an elephant herd __74__ it moved throughout its range.
The importance of zoos will increase as natural habitats are diminishing. Through their efforts __75__ conservation, education, and environmental advocacy, zoos will continue to play a critical role in wildlife preservation throughout the world.

61A especially
B superficially
C importantly
D supposedly
62. A By that time
B By the time
C At that time
D At one time
63. A associations
B institutions
C foundations
D corporation
64. A Along
B Toward
C Through
D Among
65. A limited
B professional
C excessive
D sufficient
66. A older
B newer
C former
D later
67. A improvement
B management
C achievement
D assessment
68. A under
B for
C with
D into
69. A cause
B reduce
C increase
D avoid
70. A sustained
B selected
C promising
D surviving
71. A the natural
B natural
C the wild
D wild
72. A saving
B restraining
C sheltering
D exempting
73. A attributed to
B opposed to
C related to
D referred to
74. A as if
B as
C so that
D so
75. A in stead of
B in honor of
C in charge of
D in support of
卷二
Paper Two
(60 minutes)

Part I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each section)
Section A
Over the years, we tend to think that unclear technologies and the necessary know-how to ensure nuclear safety have been developed to a level that possibilities for any major nuclear accidents are almost non-existent and if it does happen, it will be controlled in the capable hands of nuclear engineers. However, reality has proved again that you just can't be too careful to handle nuclear energy. We don't know for sure yet what will be left behind Japan's nuclear crisis, but it will be certain that it is time to re-examine our nuclear practices and many more efforts need to be made to ensure nuclear safety in the future.

Section B
中国有着5000年得文化传统，历经劫波而生生不息，我们一定要充分发扬祖国的文化传统。同时我们也懂得，要学习和借鉴世界先进的文明。只有这样，才能使祖国的文化得到进一步发展，也就是我常说的，直邮开放包容，才能使祖国强大。

Part II Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: in this part, you are to write 30 minutes a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of "How to Handle Stress". The clues given below are for your reference only, NOT the outline you should follow. Please remember to write your composition clearly on the COMPOSITION SHEET.
1.Common sources of stress
2.Healthy ways to reduce stress
3.How you have overcome stressful situations.

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首都经济贸易大学

80

Part 1 Dialogue communication (10 minutes, 10 points, 1 for each)
Section A Dialogue completion
Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short incomplete dialogues between two speakers, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the answer that best suits the situation to complete the dialogue. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

1. A: David said he bought a new BMW for $5,000!
B: _____. Sounds pretty cheap to me!
A: Well, that's what he said.
A Are you sure?
B Come to think of it.
C Do you think so?
D Is he crazy?

2. A: We just came back from Phoenix. And we had the best vacation in years.
B: ____. I'm glad to hear it.
A Oh, my goodness!
B How was it?
C Oh, there you go again.
D Good for you.

3. A: I just can't stand this class any more?
B: ____. It's required, and you have to sit in it in order to graduate.
A Well, why not just drop out of it?
B Why, you can say that again!
C Well, you might as well get used to it.
D Why, I couldn't agree more!

4. A: I don't know about you, but I thought that film was terrific.
B: ____. The action was great, and so was the music.
A Just the same.
B I'm with you there.
C More or less.
D I sure do.

5. A: Dan gave me a free ride home, but I paid for the gas.
B: You know what they say, ____.
A there's no free lunch
B don't bite off more than you can chew
C one good turn deserves another
D it's who you know that counts

Section B Dialogue Comprehension
Directions: In this section, you will read 5 short conversations between a man and a woman. At the end of each conversation there is a question followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to the question from the 4 choices by marking the corresponding letter with single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

6. Woman: I'd rather not talk about it. Just don't ask.
Man: Come on. I think you need to let off some steam.
Question: What does the man advise the woman to do?
A To talk to him about the problem.
B To keep the secret.
C To reduce the workload.
D To have a good rest.

7. Woman: Julie's dress looks funny. That style went out last year.
Man: Oh, come on, as long as it looks good on her.
Question: What does the man try to emphasize?
A Julie's dress is not outdated.
B Julie's dress does not suit her.
C Julie should follow the fashion.
D Julie looks fine in that dress.

8. Man: What kind of snacks do you prefer?
Woman: Oh, I've got a sweet tooth, you know.
Question: What does the woman probably like?
A Sandwich.
B Hot dogs.
C Ice cream.
D Potato chips.

9. Woman: I'm tired of driving all the way to work and back every day. If only cars could drive themselves!
Man: Well, some car manufactures are working on them. I guess you'll soon buy one if you can afford it.
Question: What does the man imply?
A The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car.
B Cars that drive themselves may be very expensive.
C He is working with a car producer on intelligent cars.
D Driving to work is really a headache.

10. Man: Annie, how does it not even cross your mind that you might want a future with someone?
Woman: It's simple. I don't mind being married to may career.
Question: What's Annie's attitude towards her future?
A She will stay with someone unmarried.
B She will live a simple life.
C She will quit her job to get married.
D She will fully focus on her job.

Part II /ocabulary (20 minutes, 10 points, 0.5 for each)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there are 10 sentences, each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

11. The news reports completely overlooked the more profound political implications of the events.
A neglected
B foresaw
C explored
D assessed

12. Teachers and nurses who deal with children are obliged to report cases of suspected child abuse to authorities.
A reminded
B expected
C compelled
D requested

13. Your grade will be based in large part on the originality of your ideas.
A creativity
B popularity
C feasibility
D flexibility

14. We suspect there is a quire deliberate attempt to sabotage the elections and undermine the electoral commission.
A conscious
B desperate
C clumsy
D intentional

15. So strange were the circumstances of my story that I can scarcely believe myself to have been a party to them.
A just
B hardly
C almost
D definitely
16. Smoke particles and other air pollutants are often trapped in the atmosphere, thus forming dirty fog.
A constrained
B caught
C concealed
D concentrated

17 Employees in chemical factories are entitled to receive extra pay for doing hazardous work,
A poisonous
B difficult
C dangerous
D harmful

18. Curt Carlson, the wealthiest man in Minnesota, owned a hotel and travel company with sales reaching in the neighborhood of $9 billion.
A precisely
B merely
C substantially
D approximately

19. The tendency of the human body to reject foreign matter is the main obstacle to successful organ transplantation.
A factor
B constituent
C barrier
D break

20. Whenever you need Tom, he is always there whether it be an ear or a helping hand, so you can always lean on him.
A count on
B benefit from
C stand for
D stick to

Section B
Directions: In this section, there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

21. It ____ without saying that consumers would be happier if prices were lower.
A takes
B appears
C makes
D goes

22. The world economic recession put an ____ end to the steel market upturn that began in 2002.
A irregular
B illegal
C abrupt
D absurd

23. I'm ____ about how you discovered my website, and am very glad if you enjoy it.
A mysterious
B furious
C serious
D curious

24. The Labor Party's electoral strategy, based on an ____ with other smaller parties, has proved successful.
A acquaintance
B integration
C alliance
D intimacy

25. The new aircraft will be ____ to a test of temperatures of -65℃ and 120℃.
A suspended
B suppressed
C summoned
D subjected

26. The money I got from teaching on the side was a useful ____ to my ordinary income.
A profit
B supplement
C subsidy
D replacement

27. Chinese people are now enjoying better dental health, as shown by the declining ____ of tooth decay.
A treatment
B incidence
C consequence
D misfortune

28. Many countries have conversation programs to prevent certain ____ of fish from becoming extinct.
A species
B sources
C numbers
D members

29. Susan never took any cookery courses; she learned cooking by ____ useful tips from T/ cookery programs.
A picking up
B bringing up
C putting up
D pulling up

30. The President _____ his deputy to act for him while he was abroad.
A promoted
B substituted
C authorized
D displaced

Part III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 30 points, 1 for each)
Directions: There are 5 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 6 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square brackets on your machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One
Until last spring, Nia Parker and the other kids in her neighborhood commuted to school on Bus 59. But as fuel prices rose, the school district needed to find a way to cut its transportation costs. So the school's busing company redrew its route map, eliminating Nia's bus altogether. Now Nia and her neighbors travel the half mile to school via a "walking school bus"-a group of kids, supervised by an adult or two, who make the walk together.
Like the rest of us, school districts are feeling pinched by rising fuel costs-and finding new way to adapt. The price of diesel fuel has gone up 34 percent in the past two years. For the typical American school district, bus bills total 5 percent of the budget. As administrators look to trim, busing is an inviting target, since it doesn't affect classroom instruction (or test scores). More than one third of American school administrators have eliminated bus stops or routes in order to stay within budget.
Many parents are delighted to see their kids walking to school, partly because many did so themselves: according to a 1969 survey, nearly half of school kids walked or biked to school, compared with only 16 percent in 2001. modern parents have been unwilling to let kids walk to school for fear of traffic, crime or simple bullying, but with organized adult supervision, those concerns have diminished.
Schools and busing companies are finding other ways to save. In rural areas where busing is a must, some schools have even chosen four-day school weeks. Busing companies instruct drivers to eliminate extra stops from routes and to turn off the engine while idling. They are also using computer software to determine the most fuel-efficient routes, which aren't always the shortest ones.
There could be downsides, however, to the busing cutbacks. If every formerly bused student begins walking to school, it's an environmental win-but if too many of their parents decide to drive then instead, the overall carbon footprint can grow. Replacing buses with many more parent-driven cars can also increase safety risks: A 2002 report concluded students are 13 times safer on a school bus than in a passenger car, since buses have fewer accidents and withstand them better due to their size. And some students complain about the long morning hikes, particularly when the route contains a really big hill.

31. The "walking school bus" _____.
A does not consume fuel
B aims to keep children fit
C seldom causes traffic jams
D is popular with school kids

32. In America the responsibility for busing kids to school lies with ____.
A individual schools
B school districts
C teacher
D parents

33. As regards walking to school, modern parents seem much concerned with the _____.
A time spent on the way
B changes in the route
C kid's physical strength
D safety of their children

34. To save money, some schools choose to _____.
A take the shortest routes
B shorten the school week
C give drives better training
D use fuel efficient buses

35. Busing cutbacks may eventually lead to _____.
A fiercer competition among bus companies
B more students taking public transportation
C an increase in carbon dioxide emissions
D a decrease in the safety of school buses

36. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude towards busing cutbacks?
A Favorable
B Critical
C Objective
D Indifferent

Passage Two
People are living longer than ever, but for some reason, women are living longer than men. A baby boy born in the United States in 2003 can expects to live to be about 73, a baby girl, about 79. this is indeed a wide gap, and no one really knows why it exists. The greater longevity （长寿）of women, however, has been known for centuries. It was, for example, described in the seventeenth century. However, the difference was smaller then - the gap is growing.
A number of reasons have been proposed to accounts for the differences. The gap is greatest in industrialized societies, so it has been suggested that women are less susceptible to work strains that may raise the risk of heart disease and alcoholism. Sociologists also tell us that women are encouraged to be less adventurous than men (and this may be why they are more careful drivers, involved in fewer accidents).
Even smoking has been implicated in the age discrepancy. It was once suggested that working women are more likely to smoke and as more women entered the work force, the age gap would begin to close, because smoking is related to earlier deaths. Now, however, we see more women smoking and they still tend to live longer although their lung cancer rate is climbing sharply.
One puzzling aspect of the problem is that women do not appear to be as healthy as men. That is, they report far more illnesses. But when a man reports an illness, it is more likely to be serious.
Some researchers have suggested that men may die early because their health is more strongly related to their emotions. For example, men tend to die sooner after losing a spouse than women do. Men even seem to be more weakened by loss of a job. (Both of these are linked with a marked decrease in the effectiveness of the immune system.) Among men, death follows retirement with an alarming promptness.
Perhaps we are searching for the answers too close to the surface of the problem. Perhaps the answers lie deeper in our biological heritage. After all, the phenomenon is not isolated to humans. Females have the edge among virtually all mammalian (哺乳动物的) species, in that they generally live longer. Furthermore, in many of these species the differences begin at the moment of conception; there are more male miscarriages（流产）. In human, after birth, more baby boys than baby girls die.

37. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A Men's lifespan remains almost unchanged.
B Researchers have found the cause of the age gap/
C The more advanced a society, the greater the age gap.
D The age gap was noticed only recently.

38. As is suggested in Paragraph 2, the two factors relevant to women's longer lifespan are ____.
A diseases and road accidents
B industrialization and work strains
C their immunity to heart disease and refusal of alcohol
D their endurance of work strains and reluctance for adventure

39. According to Paragraph3, which of the following statements is true?
A The great number of male smokers contributes to the age gap.
B The growing number of smoking women will narrow the age gap.
C Female workers are more likely to smoke than make workers.
D Smoking does not seem to affect women's longevity.

40. Which of the following phenomena makes researchers puzzled?
A Men's health is more closely related to their emotions.
B Through more liable to illnesses, women still live longer.
C Men show worse symptoms than women when they fall ill.
D Quite a number of men die soon after their retirement.

41. The word"edge" in Paragraph 6 means "_____".
A margin
B side
C advantage
D quality

42. What is the main idea of the passage?
A The greater longevity of women remains a mystery.
B That women are healthier than men well explains their longevity.
C People are living longer as a result of industrialization.
D Women are less emotionally affected by difficulties in life.

Passage Three
Many are aware of the tremendous waste of energy in our environment, but fail to take advantage of straightforward opportunities to conserve that energy. For example, everyone knows that lights should be switched off when no one is in an office. Similarly, when employees are not using a meeting room, there is no need to regulate temperature.
Fortunately, one need not rely on human intervention to conserve energy. With the help of smart sensing and network technology, energy conservation processes such as turning off lights and adjusting temperature can be readily automated. Ultimately, this technology will enable consumers and plant managers to better identify wasteful energy use and institute procedures that lead to smarter and more efficient homes, buildings and industrial plants.
Until now, wires and cables for power and connectivity have limited the widespread adoption of sensor (传感器) networks by making them difficult and expensive to install and maintain. Battery-powered wireless networks can simplify installation and reduce cost. But their high power consumption and the corresponding need for regular battery replacement has made wireless networks difficult and costly to maintain. Nobody wants to replace hundreds or thousands of window sensor batteries in a large building on a regular basis.
The promise of wireless sensor networks can only be fully realized when the wiring for both the data communication and the power supply is eliminated. Doing so requires a true battery-free wireless solution, one that can utilize energy harvested directly from the environments. To facilitate the widespread deployment of wireless sensor networks, Greenpeak has developed an ultra-low-power communication technology that can utilize environmental energy sources such as light, motion and vibration. This technology, employing on-board power management circuits and computer software to monitor energy harvesters and make the best use of harvested energy, enables sensors to operate reliably in a battery-free environment.
Wireless sensor networks deployed in out offices and homes will have an enormous impact on our daily lives, helping to build a smarter world in which energy is recycled and fully utilized. These wireless platforms, equipped with advanced sensing capability, will enable us to better control our lives, homes and environment, creating a truly connected world that enables people worldwide to live in a more comfortable, safer, and cleaner environment.

43. By "human intervention" (Paragraph 2), the author refers to _____.
A the reduction of great energy waste in the environment
B the grasping of straightforward opportunities available
C acts like turning off lights when no one is in the room
D the adoption of smart sensing and network technology

44. Batteries are not an ideal energy source for sensor networks because they ____.
A have to be replaced from time to time
B contain metals that pollute the environment
C require automatic recharging
D are difficult and costly to maintain

45. Battery-free wireless sensor networks are made possible by the fact that _____.
A there is energy in the environment to be utilized
B the cost of using them has been drastically reduced
C modern data communication consumes little energy
D their maintenance has been greatly simplified

46. According to the passage, GreenPeak _____.
A is the first company to install wireless sensor networks
B promotes the application of wireless sensor networks
C supplies batteries operating on harvested energy
D benefits handsomely from communication technology

47. The focus of Paragraph 4 is on the _____.
A replacement of batteries in harvesters
B monitoring of energy harvested from the environment
C elimination of batteries in sensor networks
D impact of sensor networks on power supply

48. Wireless sensor networks promise to ____.
A bring businesses high profits
B further develop the sensing technology
C turn motion into a major source of energy
D improve the daily lives of people worldwide

Passage Four
If you haven't heard or seen anything about Road Rage in the last few month you've probably been avoiding the media. There have been countless stories about the new and scary phenomenon, considered a type of aggressive driving. You have more likely encountered aggressive driving and/or Road Rage recently if you drive at all.
While drunk driving remains a critical problem, the facts about aggressive driving are surely as disturbing. For instance, according to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, 41,907 people died on the highway last year. Of those fatalities, the agency estimates that about two-thirds were caused at least in part by aggressive driving behavior.
Why is this phenomenon occurring more than ever now, and why is it something that seemed almost nonexistent a few short years ago? Experts have several theories, and all are probably partially correct. One suggestion is sheer to overcrowding. In the last decade, the number of cars on the roads has increased by more than 11 percents, and the number of miles driven has increased by 35 percent. However, the number of new road miles has only increase by 1 percent. That means more cars in the same amount of space; and the problem is magnified in urban areas. Also, people have less time and more things to do. With people working and trying to fit extra chores (琐事) and activities into the day, stress levels have never been higher. Stress creates anxiety, which leads to short tempers. These factors, when combined in certain situations, can spell Road Rage.
You may think you are the last person who would drive aggressively, but you might be surprised. For instance, have you ever yelled out loud at a slower driver, ounded the horn long and hard at another car, or sped up to keep another driver from assign? If you recognize yourself in any of these situations, watch out!
Whether you are getting angry at other drivers, or another driver is visibly upset with you, there are things you can do to avoid any major confrontation. If you are sceptible to Road Rage, the key is to discharge your emotion in a healthy way. If you are the target of another driver's rage, do everything possible to get away from the other driver safety, including avoiding eye contact and getting out of their way.

49. The first sentence in Paragraph 1 implies that _____.
A people not interested in the media know little about recent happenings
B Road Rage has received much media coverage in the last few months
C one may be raged by media reports and wants to avoid them
D the media coined the term "Road Rage" only a few months ago

50. According to the National Highway Transportation Safety Association, last year _____.
A drunk driving remained the No.1 killer on the highway
B more people were killed by aggressive driving than by drunk driving
C two thirds of drivers were killed by aggressive driving
D 41,907 people fell victim to aggressive driving

51. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of aggressive driving?
A Increasing number of cars
B Drivers' stress and anxiety
C Overcrowded roads
D Rush hour traffic

52. The word "spell" in Paragraph 3 means"_____".
A speak
B cause
C describe
D spare

53. Which of the following characterizes aggressive driving?
A Talking while driving
B Driving fast
C Yelling at another driver
D Sounding the horn when passing

54. The last paragraph is intended to _____.
A tell people how to cope with Road Rage
B inform people how aggressive drivers could be
C tell people how to control themselves when angry
D warn people against eye contact with another driver

Passage Five
In the early 20th century, a horse named Clever Hans was believed capable of counting and other impressive mental tasks. After years of great performance, psychologists discovered that though Hans was certainly clever, he was not clever in the way everyone expected. The horse was cleverly picking up on tiny, unintentional bodily and facial signals given out not only by his trainer, but also by the audience. Aware of the "Clever Hans" effect, Lisa Lit at the University of California and her colleagues wondered whether the beliefs of professional dog handlers might similarly affect the outcomes of searchers for drugs and explosives. Remarkably, Dr Lit found, they do.
Dr Lit asked 18 professional dog handlers and their dogs to complete brief searches. Before the searches, the handlers were informed that some of the search area might contain up to three target scents, and also that in two cases those scents would be marked by pieces of red paper. What the handlers were not told was that none of the search areas contained the scents of either drugs or explosives. Any "detections" made by the teams thus had to be false.
The findings reveals that of 144 searches, only 21 were clean (no alerts). All the others raised one alert or more. In total, the teams raised 225 alerts. While the sheer number of false alerts stuck Dr Lit as fascinating, it was where they took place that was of greatest interest.
When handlers could see a red piece of paper, allegedly marking a location of interest, they were much more likely to say that their dogs signaled an alert. The human handlers were not only distracted on almost every occasion by the stimulus aimed at them, but also transmitted that distraction to their animals-who responded accordingly. To mix metaphors, the dogs were crying "wolf" at the unconscious signal of their handlers.
How much that matters in the real world is unclear. But it might. If a handler, for example, unconsciously "profiled" people being sniffed by a drug, or explosive-detecting dog at an airport, false positive could abound. That is not only bad for innocent travelers, but might distract the team from catching the guilty.

55. What did psychologists find out about Clever Hans?
A He was as clever as people claimed.
B He was really good at counting.
C He could understand human language.
D He merely responded to human signals.

56. Lisa Lit and her colleagues ____.
A questioned the "Clever Hans" effect
B discovered the "Clever Hans" effect
C confirmed the "Clever Hans" effect
D rejected the "Clever Hans" effect

57. The dog handlers learned before the searches that ____.
A each search area contained three target scents
B there was actually no target scent in the search area
C some target scents may be labeled with a special mark
D their dogs were expected to find the scents of red paper

58. What was most significant about the experiment, according to Dr Lit?
A The location of the false alerts
B The regularity of the false alerts
C The number of the false alerts
D The timing of the false alerts

59. It can be concluded from the experiment that ____.
A dog handlers are more likely to be distracted than their dogs
B dogs may act in response to their handlers' bodily signals
C the cooperation between dogs and their handlers is key to success
D well-trained dogs can better understand their handlers' signals

60. The author thinks that Dr Lit's findings _____.
A should raise our concern in real life
B may not be useful in real situations
C should be backed up by further evidence
D will be widely applied in the near future

Part I/ Cloze (15 minutes, 15 points, 1 for each)
Zoos have become an important site for the preservation and protection of wildlife resources, __61__ those species that are endangered. __62__, many zoos displayed live animals for public entertainment. Presently some zoos have become scientific and educational __63__ that have contributed to the understanding and conservation of wild animal populations. __64__ the challenges facing modern zoos are the cost of upgrading old facilities, the struggle to obtain __65__ operating funds, and the need to attract more visitors to new and entertaining exhibits.
Many __66__ zoos in American cities have undergone renovation (翻新) during the last decades of the twentieth century. Among the recent trends in zoo __67__ is the construction of new enclosures that resemble natural habitats (栖息地). The replacement of traditional steel bars and concrete floors __68__ appropriately designed surroundings improves visitor appreciation of the animals. Such renovations may __69__ stress on animals and allow them to interact with one another more naturally.
Several major zoos conduct captive propagation programs. A captive propagation program includes the breeding of __70__ zoo or wild animals to obtain offspring, usually for release to __71__ or for transfer to other zoos. Captive breeding is one method of __72__ some species from extinction.
Zoos have expanded and improved public education programs also ,with education departments that develop programs __ 73__ zoo exhibits. Public activities include in-school programs, zoo tours, special events, and websites. The Zoological Society of New York, for example, conducted a major project with a Western African government to monitor an elephant herd __74__ it moved throughout its range.
The importance of zoos will increase as natural habitats are diminishing. Through their efforts __75__ conservation, education, and environmental advocacy, zoos will continue to play a critical role in wildlife preservation throughout the world.

61A superficially
B especially
C importantly
D supposedly
62. A By that time
B By the time
C At one time
D At that time
63. A institutions
B associations
C foundations
D corporation
64. A Along
B Forward
C Among
D Through
65. A limited
B professional
C sufficient
D excessive
66. A newer
B older
C former
D later
67. A management
B improvement
C achievement
D assessment
68. A under
B for
C into
D with
69. A reduce
B cause
C increase
D avoid
70. A selected
B sustained
C promising
D surviving
71. A natural
B the natural
C wild
D the wild
72. A restraining
B saving
C sheltering
D exempting
73. A attributed to
B opposed to
C referred to
D related to
74. A as
B as if
C so
D so that
75. A in stead of
B in honor of
C in support of
D in charge of

卷二
Paper Two
(60 minutes)

Part I Translation (30 minutes, 20 points, 10 for each section)
Section A
Over the years, we tend to think that unclear technologies and the necessary know-how to ensure nuclear safety have been developed to a level that possibilities for any major nuclear accidents are almost non-existent and if it does happen, it will be controlled in the capable hands of nuclear engineers. However, reality has proved again that you just can't be too careful to handle nuclear energy. We don't know for sure yet what will be left behind Japan's nuclear crisis, but it will be certain that it is time to re-examine our nuclear practices and many more efforts need to be made to ensure nuclear safety in the future.

Section B
中国有着5000年得文化传统，历经劫波而生生不息，我们一定要充分发扬祖国的文化传统。同时我们也懂得，要学习和借鉴世界先进的文明。只有这样，才能使祖国的文化得到进一步发展，也就是我常说的，直邮开放包容，才能使祖国强大。

Part II Writing (30 minutes, 15 points)
Directions: in this part, you are to write 30 minutes a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of "How to Handle Stress". The clues given below are for your reference only, NOT the outline you should follow. Please remember to write your composition clearly on the COMPOSITION SHEET.
1.Common sources of stress
2.Healthy ways to reduce stress
3.How you have overcome stressful situations.

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